Improved Direct Binary Search-based Algorithm for Generating Holograms for the Application of Holographic Optical Tweezers

This paper presents an improved direct binary search (DBS)- based algorithm for generating holograms to holographic optical tweezers. The simulations show that the improved algorithm greatly enhances computation speed while maintaining high hologram efficiency and high intensity homogeneous target spots. The improved algorithm was applied to generate holographic optical tweezers in several experiments. The experiments demonstrate that real-time trap and manipulation can be realized with the improved algorithm if the number of trapped microparticles is small.